High Quality Paper - Choosing the Right Type For Your Writing Order

<h1>High Quality Paper - Choosing the Right Type For Your Writing Order</h1><p>If you are an independent author, you have to guarantee that you utilize excellent paper and ink when composing a request for your customer. The most effortless approach to complete this is to utilize paper that is of high caliber. There are numerous decisions accessible to you, however here are a few hints that will assist you with finding the best paper for your needs.</p><p></p><p>Choosing the kind of paper you need to utilize will assist you with picking the best one. On the off chance that you need a style that is proficient, there are loads of decisions. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you need an increasingly casual, genial style, there are likewise a lot of options.</p><p></p><p>There are heaps of alternatives to browse as far as paper. For a decent, top notch paper, pick stock. This implies the paper has been bought by a h uge paper producer and transported to you.</p><p></p><p>This is an incredible decision for individuals who need great paper without going through a ton of cash. Nonetheless, consider that this paper might be utilized more much of the time than different sorts of paper. This is on the grounds that stock paper is a lot less expensive to buy, so it very well may be utilized more often.</p><p></p><p>Since there are various approaches to pick paper, it is essential to recognize what to search for. Search for paper that has a matte completion. This implies the paper doesn't show the state of the lettering or the words that are on the paper.</p><p></p><p>A matte completion likewise implies that the paper isn't overwhelming. It is a smart thought to get a counterbalance press paper when picking paper since this style of paper utilizes a press that moves the paper off the plate onto the paper. The weight will be all the more equitably appropriated all through the paper.</p><p></p><p>Another extraordinary thing about counterbalance press paper is that the paper is in every case totally dry before it is placed into an envelope. This implies it will require some investment to print the composition on the paper. You will see that you don't need to hold up as long when composing an order.</p><p></p><p>Using paper that is modest and not of high caliber can make issues with the composition on the paper. As a consultant, you have to ensure that you utilize top notch paper when composing a request. In the event that you don't, you could be losing cash to the customer as opposed to making money.</p>

What Are the Great Depression Research Paper Topics?

What Are the Great Depression Research Paper Topics?The Great Depression has been studied in many different forms. From popular books and newspapers to academic papers, television shows and movies, the Great Depression is a subject that appears time and again in any form of media that can be considered. One thing is for sure, if you want to find the Great Depression research paper topics that are available, you need to do some careful research.The Great Depression was a period of great financial instability for most Americans. In addition to that, the American economy experienced tremendous loss of employment and major change in the standard of living. Because of this, the Great Depression research paper topics include how this period affected the labor force and how these factors affected the national economy.The Great Depression research paper topics also include how people reacted to these events. In particular, many people left the country in search of jobs. They traveled through out the world and went from one country to another looking for work. As a result, the Great Depression research paper topics include how a large influx of people and culture affected the United States.Because of this, the Great Depression research paper topics include how these changes affected certain areas of society. For example, because of the tremendous influx of migrants into the United States, many social groups were impacted, including the African-American community. Another way to look at this is that the Great Depression research paper topics include how African-Americans' cultural activities in the United States were affected by this new influx of migrants.There were also economic changes that occurred during the Great Depression that influenced the Great Depression research paper topics. For example, changes in the price of the dollar and the change in the value of the gold standard were major factors in the difficulties of the Great Depression. These changes changed the value of the dollar and this impacted the employment market.Social changes also played a role in the Great Depression. The changes in the status of women had a profound effect on the United States. Women faced some very unique economic circumstances during the Great Depression that had a very strong impact on the types of jobs they could obtain.Finally, the Great Depression also had a strong effect on political life in the United States. The rise of the New Deal led to major changes in the United States, and this included the influence of labor unions. These labor unions provided an important foundation for change, which made it easier for Americans to see the importance of supporting the New Deal.These are just a few examples of the Great Depression research paper topics. While some of these changes may have seemed out of place, there is no denying that they helped set the stage for major changes in American society. If you are looking for the Great Depression research paper topic s, you can search online to find a list of topics.

Why is it Important to Study With Essay Samples?

Why is it Important to Study With Essay Samples?Why is it important to study with essay samples and Stanford essay samples? It is so important because this is what the admissions officers look for in an applicant. They want to see if the student is really capable of writing a well written essay.Why would they be looking at these essays? Because they are considered the best essays of a person. Yes, you can use a modified version of one of them but it will not do. The differences between these are that a school looks at every part of the essay and tries to figure out how the student can use the material.Why is this important to Stanford University? The students coming from different countries are competing against each other for a spot on the college. So the universities do not want to see that a student from India is writing a top-notch essay while a Chinese student who is in a poor country is able to write an equally top-notch essay.This is why the students who are going to Stanford University have their essay samples. It is important that students look at these essays as a way to get prepared for the entrance exam. It is just like putting yourself through an entrance exam to enter Harvard or Princeton. It is important that you get yourself prepared for these exams.What does the admissions officer expect from a student who is applying to Harvard or Princeton? He or she wants them to write the best essays possible.The professors for the Ivy League universities will tell you that your GPA and SAT score are only one factor in determining if you will get into their college. They will also expect that you do well in the standardized tests that they provide. For example, the SAT test has almost fifty percent of students getting into Harvard or Princeton.Why is it important to use the Stanford essay samples? It is because they are the best essays of a person. You need to use these samples in order to get ready for the standardized test to get into one of the best coll eges in the world.

Hispanic Adolescent Youth Gangs Essay - 1399 Words

Gangs have been a point of concern for states and societies around the world for centuries. Youth gangs are not exempt from that same categorization and have operated for the same amount of time worldwide. Over the last century however, a proliferation of youth gangs has been witnessed, especially among Hispanic youths immigrating into the United States. Researchers and scholars have offered multiple theories as to why youths, and Hispanics youths in particular integrate themselves into gang organizations. Three schools of thought arise when conducting gang integration research. Rational Economics Theory1 proposes that youths, and all individuals, join gangs for financial and material benefit. Cultural Deviance Theory considers youth gang†¦show more content†¦The theory is backed by considerable psychological research and is not only rooted in sociology and public policy. Rational Economics Theory is utilized as an umbrella argument to explain why all individuals, including youths, become integrated into gang organizations. The theory is downright the same to microeconomic Rational Choice Theory and argues that individuals, in their desire for financial gain or more utility, utilize gangs and criminal organizations as a means to achieve their ends. Gangs are seen as nothing more than businesses or organizations that serve a primary economic function and act to provide financial sustainability for those without the ability to achieve it through other, more legitimate means. Seymour M. Lipset2 contends that negative traits that plague the American landscape, such as â€Å"high crime and economic inequality†, are fundamental characteristics of and are inherently linked to a capitalistic and openly admirable democratic society. Not only does American history reside in the nature for â€Å"disdain of authority†, but current American norms signal that everyone must elevate their own status and rise above the ranks, both economically and socially. In analyzing the trends of high crime, acts such as theft, narcotics production and distribution, fraud, etc. are a means toShow MoreRelatedLatino Community At Risk Youth Focus Group Of Forsyth County1130 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Unidos† Gang Prevention Welcome, to our Latino community at-risk youth focus group of Forsyth County, in North Carolina. Our mission of the â€Å"Unidos† Gang Prevention and Education Program is to lower gang involvement, violence, with providing education, knowledge, community and family involvement. This program will target Latino students from ages 11-17 that show involvement to be at risk of being a member or have affiliations with a street gang. However, all students are welcome. The program willRead MoreWhat Causes Deviance And What Is The Definition Of Deviance859 Words   |  4 PagesIn the field of sociology there are various competing theories that attempt to determine what causes deviance and what is the definition of deviance. In an effort to explain why gang membership exists in today’s society, there is one theory that stands out from the rest: Sutherland’s differential association. Sutherland’s differential association theory explains deviant behavior as something that is â€Å"learned through associations† rather than solely based upon the community that one is fostered inRead MoreThe Crime Of Wealthy Cities1574 Words   |  7 Pagesexample, some people join gangs for their own personal reason, either for the thrill or because certain aspects of their life push them into the gang life. As for the gang MLO (Malibu Locals Only), they are living proof that even the most beautiful, wealthy, and seemingly â€Å"safe† places have their own inconspicuous crimes within their city. A concerning issue with this type of lifestyle is whether the city of Malibu wants to acknowledge MLO’s existence and consider them as a gang. The Step Act, Diego VigilRead MoreGang Violence And The United States1470 Words   |  6 PagesGangs have been a part of American culture in the United States since the early 19th century when immigrant youth organized themselves into street gangs as a means of urban and economic survival. Today, gang violence has reached an almost catastrophic level in the United States. Criminal street gangs have become one of the most serious crime problems in California. Gang violence accounts for one of the largest personal threats to public safety for nearly all the cities in this state. Salinas, Cal iforniaRead More Adolescent Girls at Risk Essay1945 Words   |  8 PagesAdolescent Girls at Risk What risks are really in existence for adolescent girls growing up on the Arizona-Mexico border? Well, more then anyone in their right mind might be able to imagine. Adolescent girls growing up on the border or in a multicultural area are generally from lower income homes, which in itself introduces an entire set of risk factors. The main focus, but certainly not the only ones at risk, being that of minority groups, such as Hispanic and American Indian girls.Read MoreFamily Dysfunction, Breeding Future Gang Members1252 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Dysfunction, breeding future gang members Gang activity and gang violence have been a major issue in the urban community for over half a century, dominated by mostly minority youth. This essay will review the question: Does growing up as a minority with a dysfunctional family setting aide or contribute to joining a gang, therefore continuing the cycle of gang violence and activity? In order to dive deeper into this subject, several references from the internet and Always Running by Luis JRead MoreThe Dangers Of Early Sexual Activities848 Words   |  4 Pages The United States has one of the highest teenage pregnancy rates, with the highest group beginning the Hispanic American community. To what degree are the parents involved in communicating to their teenage girls about sex, and are they providing the proper information to help protect their teenage daughters from pregnancies and STD’s? Academically this issue will continue to be examined, so that we can learn to help educate young teen students about the dangers of early sexual activities and howRead MoreEssay on Adolescent Violence1591 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract There is no doubt that violence, especially among youth, is a problem in the U.S. today. Since 1993, the U.S. has had the highest rate of childhood homicide, suicide, and firearms related deaths of any of the worlds 26 wealthiest nations (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1993), stated the authors of the article. Due to results as stated above by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the questions what factors cause violent fighting as well as weapon carryingRead MoreYoung People Join Gangs For Social And Economic Reasons Essay1431 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the authors of Gangs, Graffiti, and Violence, they state that young people join street gangs for social and economic reasons (Leet, 2000). However, one of the main factors young people join gangs is due to the lack of stability of being raised in an unstable family environment. For instance, gang members raised in a single parent home by their mother, usually in her early thirties, caring for three or four children at a time, on her own without the presence of a male father figure. AsRead MoreThe High Incarceration Rate Of Juveniles1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe high incarceration rate of juveniles is a significant social problem that affects society as a whole as well as the youth’s individual welfare and developmental trajectory. Adolescents who are incarcerated in the juvenile justice system face a multitude of negative lifelong implications. The history of incarcerating youth in residential facilities such as juvenile halls, camps, ranches or group homes as a consequence for committing crimes has a deep-rooted history in the United States. â€Å"For more

Bacterial Growth Essay Research Paper Bacterial GrowthBacteria free essay sample

Bacterial Growth Essay, Research Paper Bacterial GrowthBacteria are the most common and ancient micro-organisms on Earth. Most bacteriums are microscopic, mensurating 1 micrometer in length. However, settlements of bacteriums grown in a research lab petri dish can be seen with the unaided oculus. There are many divisions and categorizations of bacteriums that assist in placing them. The first two types of bacteriums are archaebacteria and eubacterium. Both groups have common ascendants dating to more than 3 billion old ages ago. Archaebacteria live in environments where, because of the high temperature, no other life can turn. These environments include hot springs and countries of volcanic activity. They contain lipoids but lack certain chemicals in their cell wall. Eubacterias are all other bacteriums. Most of them are phototrophic, i.e. they use the Sun s energy as nutrient through the procedure of photosynthesis. Another categorization of bacterium is harmonizing to their demand of O to populate. Those who do necessitate O to populate are considered aerobes. The bacteriums who don T usage O to populate are known as anaerobes. The form of specific bacteriums provides for the following measure in the designation procedure. Spherical bacteriums are called coccus ; the bacterium that have a rodlike form are known as B ; bottle screw shaped bacteriums are spirilla ; and filiform is the term for bacteriums with a filamentous visual aspect. Hans Christian Joachim Gram, a Danish microbiologist, developed a method for separating bacteriums by their different reaction to a discoloration. The procedure of using Gram s discoloration is as follows: the bacteriums are stained with a violet dye and treated with Gram s solution ( 1 portion I, 2 parts K iodide, and 300 parts H2O ) . Ethyl intoxicant is so applied to the medium ; the bacterium will either continue the bluish colour of the original dye or they will obtain a ruddy chromaticity. The blue colored bacteriums are Gram-positive ; th e ruddy bacteriums are identified as Gram-negative. Bacteria contain DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid ) merely like all cells. However, in bacteria the Deoxyribonucleic acid is arranged in a round manner instead than in strands. Bacteria besides contain ribosomes which, like in eucaryotic cells, supply for protein synthesis. In order for a bacteria to attach itself to a surface, it requires the assistance of pili, or capillary growings. Bacteria, merely like sperm cells, have flagella which assist in motion. But, sperm cells merely have one scourge, whereas bacteria contain scourge at several locations throughout their organic structure surface. Although most bacteriums are non harmful, a little fraction of them are responsible for many diseases. These bacterial pathogens have affected worlds throughout history. The pestilence, an ill-famed disease caused by bacteriums, has killed 1000000s of people. Besides, such a disease as TB, a disease responsible for the lives of many, is caused by bacterial pathogens ingested into the organic structure. Bacteria affect everyone in their day-to-day life because they are found about everyplace. They are found in the air, in nutrient, in life things, in inanimate things, and on every conceivable surface. Escherichia coli is a disease doing Gram-negative B. These bacteriums are normally found within the bowels of worlds every bit good as other craniates. This widely dispersed bacteriums is known to do urinary piece of land infections every bit good as diarrhoea. Microcococcus Luteus are Gram-positive parasitic spherical bacteriums which normally grows in grapelike bunchs. This species is normally found in milk and dairy merchandises every bit good as on dust atoms. Bacillus Cereus are a spore organizing type of bacteriums. They are Gram-positive and contain rods. Due to the fact that this bacterium is known to last cookery, it is a common cause of nutrient toxic condition and diarrhoea. Seratia Marscens a normally anaerobiotic b acteriums which contains Gram-negative rods. This bacterium feeds on disintegrating works and carnal stuff. S. marscens are found in H2O, dirt, milk, nutrients, and certain insects. In malice of the fact that bacteriums are harmful to the organic structure, certain steps can be taken in order to suppress their growing and reproduction. The most common signifier of bacteriums contending medical specialties are antibiotics. Antibiotics carry out the action which their Grecian beginning suggests: anti significance against, and bios intending life. In the early parts of the twentieth century, a German chemist, Paul Ehrlich began experimentation utilizing organic compounds to battle harmful beings without doing harm to the host. The consequences of his experimentation began the survey and usage of antibiotics to contend bacteriums. Antibiotics are classified in assorted ways. They can be arranged harmonizing to the specific action it has on the cell. For illustration, certain antibiotics attack the cell wall, others concentrate on the cell membrane, but most obstruct protein synthesis. Another signifier of indexing antibiotics is by their existent chemical construction. Practically all antibiotics trade with the obstructor of synthesis of the cell wall, proteins, or nucleic acids. Some bactericides interfere with the courier RNA, accordingly blending up the bacterial familial codification. Penicillins act by suppressing the formation of a cell wall. This antibiotic works most efficaciously against Gram-positive streptococcus, staphylococcus ( e.g. Micrococcus Luteus ) every bit good as certain Gram-negative bacteriums. Penicillin is normally prescribed to handle poxs, gonorrhoea, meningitis, and splenic fever. Tetracycline inhibits protein synthesis in infective being. This antibiotic is obtained from the civil ization of Streptomyces. Streptomycin an antibiotic agent which is obtained from Streptomyces griseus. This antibiotic Acts of the Apostless by restricting normal protein synthesis. Streptomycin is effectual against E. Coli, Gram-negative B, every bit good as many coccus. Neomycin an antibiotic derived from a strain of Streptomyces fradiae. Neomycin efficaciously destroys a broad scope of bacteriums. Kanamycin an antibiotic substance derived from Streptomyces kanamycetius. Its antibacterial action is really similar to that of fradicin. Kanamycin works against many aerophilic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriums, particularly E. coli. Protracted usage may ensue in auditory every bit good as other amendss. Erythromycin is an antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces erythreaus. This antibiotic plants by suppressing protein synthesis but non nucleic synthesis. Erythromycin has repressive effects on Gram-negative coccus every bit good as some Gram-positive bacteriums. Chlora mphenicol is a clinically utile antibiotic in battling serious infections caused by certain bacteriums in topographic point of potentially risky agencies of work outing the job. In lab trials, it has been shown that this medical specialty stopped bacterial reproduction in a broad scope of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteriums. The suppression of cell reproduction caused by Chloramphenicol takes topographic point through intervention with protein synthesis. An experiment was conducted in order to find which antibiotics are most effectual in suppressing bacterial growing. First, the different bacteriums were placed on agar inside petri dishes. Then, antibiotic phonograph record were placed into the dishes. Each bacterium was exposed to every one of the antibiotics listed supra. The bacteriums used in the experiment were: Bacillus Cerus, Escerichia Coli, Seratia Marscens, and Micrococcus Luteus. After a 24 hr incubation period, the consequences were measured. In order to find which antibiotic had the most consequence their zones of suppression were recorded. The zone of suppression refers to the distance from the phonograph record to the outermost subdivision around the phonograph record where no bacterial growing was present. The consequences can be seen on the graph and informations chart. The followers is a table demoing the different zones of suppression of each antibiotic in the bacteria civilization: TetracyclineChloramphenicolKanamycinNeomycinPenicillinStreptomycinErythromycinB. Cerus5.5956.61713E. Coli74.25.54.5no effect4.6no personal effects. Marscensno effectno effect4.54no effect3no effectM. Luteus2322101123.511.519After analysis of the informations obtained it is obvious that each antibiotic had a distinguishable consequence on the growing of the different bacteriums. The consequences of this experiment are really of import, since they teach of how each bacterium reacts to different antibiotics. This is really valuable because it is the info rmation which assists doctors in ordering certain medicines to bring around diseases caused by bacteriums. Bibliography1 ) Encart Encyclopedia 1994, CD-ROM. 2 ) McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 1992. 3 ) Physicians Desk Reference, 1996. 328

The Tenets of a Successful Advertising Campaign Understanding the Role of Good Ideas Creative Minds

Introduction Today, more than ever before, academics and practitioners are coming to terms with the increasingly complex nature of marketing and advertising brought about by media fragmentation and varied viewing and purchasing habits across consumer groups (Soberman, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Tenets of a Successful Advertising Campaign: Understanding the Role of Good Ideas Creative Minds specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, according to this author, media fragmentation has made it extremely hard to cost-effectively inform a mass audience about one’s products and services, not mentioning that consumers now have increasingly varied habits with regard to media. This view is reinforced by Hackley Kitchen (1999), who note that advertising and other forms of promotional activity have flourished to such a level that they may be viewed as constituting a form of social pollution, particularl y in the developed world. According to these authors, not only are marketing initiatives and advertising campaigns delivered in unparalleled quantities, but their tone is becoming increasingly complex to classify in the Postmodern Marketing era. The fundamental question that arises is how firms can manage their marketing and advertising to guarantee that these activities are not lost in the ocean of messages and noise that confronts the contemporary consumer. This question demands a careful analysis of the tenets of successful advertising, alongside a critical evaluation of the paradigm shifts that have been witnessed in this critical area as organizations align themselves to become more competitive. It is against this background that the present paper aims to critically evaluate the claim that ‘a good idea and a good creative department are all that are needed for a successful advertising campaign.’ The Old and the New: Toward a Paradigm Shift in Advertising Effectiven ess Earlier advertising studies focused on the central role played by the advertising message and the importance of the executional strategy adopted by marketers and practitioners. To achieve advertising effectiveness, therefore, earlier framers of advertising theory suggested that there is a particular order in which the targeted audience respond to advertisements (Aitken et al, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The argument projected by these theorists opinionated that advertisements must be developed to achieve particular responses from the intended audience according to the nature of the communications and marketing objectives preferred by the advertisers. It was assumed that for advertisements to achieve success in influencing consumer behaviour, they must have the capacity to lead the intended audience through a sequence of reception stages described as cognitive, affecti ve and conative, and which were perceived as â€Å"†¦essentially, and in some cases, entirely, hierarchical in nature† (Aitken et al, 2008 p. 280). This view has also been well documented by Shankar (1999). As noted by Aitken et al (2008), this line of thinking brought forth the information-processing model, which puts much focus on the advertisement message, the executional strategy and the significance to the targeted audience of the brands, products and services featured in the advertisement. The basic assumption of most of the linear sequential models of advertising, such as the information-processing model, is that if the message is unambiguous and it is conveyed effectively, it will be construed effectively by the targeted audience. It therefore follows that the role of the targeted audience in this arrangement is intrinsically dependent on explicit individual needs and particular responses to the advertisement (Aitken et al, 2008). These models also â€Å"†¦ rely on the assumption that an increase in awareness, for example, will predict purchasing behaviour and hence, sales, an assumption derived from the sequential, self-fulfilling nature of the theories† (Shankar, 1999 p. 2). However, as noted by Aitken et al (2008), these models are no longer tenable under the present market conditions as they view advertising as a process that is deliberate, conscious and, presumably, predictable while ignoring the obvious fact that meaning has to be negotiated.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Tenets of a Successful Advertising Campaign: Understanding the Role of Good Ideas Creative Minds specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, the centrality of ‘meaning’ in advertising has triggered an upsurge of meaning-based models of advertising as witnessed in Mick Buhl (1992) works on developing a meaning-based model of advertising. The linear sequential models of advertising also draw substantial criticism from the fact that they negate the role of the receiver (targeted audience) in the communication process; that is, they view advertising as doing things to people rather than people doing things with advertising (Shankar, 1999). In his study on ‘consumer initial processing in a difficult media environment’, Webb (1979) observed that studies on the response of consumers to television advertising traditionally concentrated deeply â€Å"†¦on characteristics of the message itself and of the message audience, but much less on the situational aspects of the message environment† (p. 225). Due to the inadequacies of such advertisements, however, modern studies have demonstrated a mounting concern that the environment in which an advertisement is aired may be as important in the determining the response levels of the targeted audience to the advertisement as message or audience characteristics. While the traditional hierar chical models of communication had the advantage of having the capacity to measure quantifiable intermediate variables with maximum logic and minimum ambiguity, it was obvious that the interests of consumers were not being put into consideration (Shankar, 1999). Towards the shift from emphasizing the advertising message and executional strategy to a focus on the intended audience, Aitken et al (2008) highlight the reader-response theory, which â€Å"†¦questions whether the meaning of an advertisement can be understood outside the interaction between that text (words and other images) and the individual† (p. 281). As observed by Stern (1996b), this theory seeks to move away from the primacy traditionally accorded to formal analysis of textual properties and elements toward a more integrated and holistic approach of the interaction process that puts much focus on the targeted audience rather than the advertising message and/or executional strategy to coincide with mounting interest in consumer culture theory, brand communities, and the novel service dominant logic of marketing.Advertising Looking for essay on advertising? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This shift in advertising is effective for two important reasons. First, it locates the targeted audience at the core of the communication process rather than at the periphery as a receiver who is only dependent on the advertising message and the executional strategy (Aitken et al, 2008). Indeed, Mick Buhl (1992) posit that â€Å"†¦contemporary advertising is conceived of not as an occasional conduit of product information but rather as an omnipresent communication arena in which human reality is mediated† (p. 317). Aitken et al (2008) further note that it is not wrong for advertising firms to direct attention to concepts such as consumer involvement, motivation and intentionality; however, this line of thought should not cast the intended audience as ‘receivers’ of advertising information but as the fundamental actors in the communication process who co-create value, meaning and relationships to generate an enabling environment in which successful advertis ing campaign can occur. The second reason why this paradigm shift to a more audience-centred approach in advertising is effective is that â€Å"†¦it stresses the interactive nature of the communication process and fundamentally takes issue with the notion that meaning can exist in an advertisement independent of the viewer or the reader† (Aitken et al, 2008 p. 281). Hirschman Thompson (1997) are categorical that consumers often process advertisements for implied meanings and do not necessary view advertisements as important sources of information. Stern (1996) observes that the popular view held by many advertisers that an advertising message can have a fixed meaning is impossible. According to the advocates of deconstructive theory, there exists no possibility for advertisements to employ self-enclosed language that presumes an agreed-upon meaning. This implies that the act of ‘reading’ and responding to an advertisement should never be simply viewed as a process of deciphering the clues to ascertain the preferred meaning contained in the advertisement message; rather, it should be acknowledged as a proactive engagement with both formal and the informal components of the advertisement and with the genus of advertising to generate a negotiated understanding. More fundamentally, the perspective of targeted audience as active participants in and trendsetters of the communication process delinks itself from the popular view within behavioural psychology that underlines the importance of classical conditioning as an illustrative framework for human behaviour, and instead project the view that understanding, knowledge and behaviour are the outcome of negotiations between the targeted audience and the advertiser (Aitken et al, 2008). Consecutive research studies, according to these authors, have demonstrated that responses to advertisements demonstrated by the targeted audience are also ingeniously conditioned by culture, context and experi ence. Indeed, Lannon and Cooper (1983) cited in Shankar (1999) argued for the adoption of a ‘holistic cultural approach’ to advertising; that is, the creation of advertising should take into consideration the symbolic meanings that individuals attach to products, the language individuals use to describe their experiences of brands, and the social implication of product usage or non-usage. In developing the theoretical foundations for their study on advertising experiences, Mick Buhl (1992) adopted the symbolic and interpretive interactionism and existential phenomenology to project the assertion that each individual perceives the world differentially to a considerable degree, and that human experiences should be studied and assessed as they are subjectively lived and experienced. These assertions underscore the importance for practitioners and marketers to develop and evaluate advertisement campaigns through the lens of the consumers. In other words, the targeted audie nce must exercise substantially more independence in determining the response to a particular advertisement for it to be considered successful (Aitken et al, 2008). Hackley (1999) views the symbolic and interpretive nature of consumers from a social constructionist perspective, which takes consumers of advertising messages as the locus for a sequence of social engagements that together constitute unique individual identities, but which are dependent on the social context of being. This view also receives support from Hackley Kitchen (1999), who argue that â€Å"†¦the source of ideas is the self and the subjectivity of experience leaves us alone in the universe to construct meanings through our interpretations of our own sense experience† (p. 18). Successful advertising campaigns, according to Hackley (1999), should never perceive consumers as introverted subjects, without desires or identities, and who only reacts to advertisements through linear phases or limited persu asion trajectories for the principal purpose of judging. This assertion is reinforced by Shankar (1999), who observes that advertisers fail to capture the targeted audience in their advertising campaigns because they don’t include consumers in determining the meaning of the advertising message. The implication of this assertion is that the meaning of any advertising message should not originate wholly from the source of the message; rather, the desires and identities of the targeted audience must be considered for any advertising campaign to be successful. Hackley Kitchen (1999) introduce another dimension by suggesting that a successful advertising campaign should not be perceived as constituting a form of social pollution. In their research, these authors introduce an emergent perspective of â€Å"†¦Communications Leviathan, an entity of colossal size made up of a multiplicity of marketing communications messages and which may constitute a form of social pollution th rough the potentially damaging and unintended effects it may have on consumer decision making† (p. 15). These multiple marketing communications are not only intrusive to consumers, but the high level of exposure is perceived to contribute towards circumscribing their moral development. Kotler (1988) cited in Hackley Kitchen (1999) argued that consumers in the developed world may be exposed to an estimated 2000 advertising messages in a day. As a direct consequence of the high level exposure to these messages, consumers are increasingly facing demands on their decision making faculties which may ultimately have a damaging effect on their ability to make rational and morally coherent purchasing decisions. This view is consistent with Hackley (1999) assertion the advertising culture continues to be perceived as a metaphor for a general moral dilapidation in the post-modern era. The Interplay between Good Idea, Creativity Successful Advertising Lannon Cooper (1983) cited in Sha nkar (1999) observed that â€Å"†¦advertising operates more effectively at the symbolic, intuitive level of consciousness†¦To design such advertising and to check on its effectiveness in the marketplace requires methods for opening up the inner world of what consumers do to advertising† (p. 4). Since such symbolism cannot be evaluated quantitatively to determine the effectiveness of a particular advertising campaign, it requires that both advertising agencies and practitioners to have good ideas and be creative enough if they are to design advertising that is able to arouse the consumers’ symbolic, intuitive level of consciousness. Indeed, the attribute of having a good well-processed idea resonates well with the Post-modern theories of language, which underscores the importance of text production and how such text is used and situated within our cultural practices to generate meanings (Proctor et al, 2002). A good idea and creative minds on the part of adver tisers will certainly enable consumers to process advertisements for implied meanings (Hirschman Thompson, 1997). This paper has underscored the fact that the targeted audience in any advertising campaign should not be viewed as passive receivers but as active participants in the communication process. The meanings that any form of advertising is capable of eliciting are constructed in communication, not supplied as pre-packaged or predetermined reality in the content of advertising (Aitken et al, 2008). This perspective demands good ideas and a good creative department to be able to develop humanistic advertising capable of delivering qualities of openness, acceptance and critique, which facilitate creativity, innovation and new ways of thinking (Shankar, 1999). To design advertising that is able to catapult consumers’ interactive and interpretive processes demands creativity on the part of the advertisers rather than relying on quantitative benchmarks which only demonstrat e a biased approach to advertising effectiveness. Soberman (2005) posits that it is important for marketers and advertisers to collect valuable market information on the behaviour patterns and consumption habits of consumers if their advertising campaigns are to have an impact under the prevailing market conditions. According to this author, â€Å"†¦this information can be used to form groups of high potential buyers for targeted marketing efforts† (p. 421). But as noted by Shankar (1999), the collection of such valuable information requires creative and innovative ways of thinking due to its qualitative nature. Creative ways of advertising, such as the employment of targeted advertising, are indeed important if organizations are to substantially reduce their price competition (Soberman, 2005). Targeted advertising, however, cannot become a reality if firms fail to capitalize on the use of qualitative market information, thus the interplay between creativity and successf ul advertising campaigns. Consequently, an organization must find creative ways to target heavier advertising to consumers who are traditionally oriented towards buying their products as opposed to targeting advertising to consumers who are less oriented towards the organizations’ brand preferences. Webb’s (1979) research on the environmental influences of advertising demonstrated that advertising effectiveness significantly decreases with too many placements of a particular commercial or non-program material to be aired alongside prime-time programs. This finding runs against the popular view held by many advertising agencies, which suggests that buying time in higher clutter environments enhance the likelihood of receiving a good advertising position on television. An innovative and creative department is all that is needed to dissect the fact that buying commercial time in high clutter environments only increases the probability of receiving a poor position (Webb, 1 979). It requires a good idea and creative minds to be able to deconstruct words and imply meanings that would appeal to the targeted audience for any advertising campaign to be successful. Stern (1996a) observes that â€Å"†¦paradox is rooted in the multiple and contradictory meanings of words† (p. 137). A creative advertising department would, according to this particular author, untangle moments in a text that demonstrate a space between what is articulated by the advertiser in an advertisement (the signifier) and what is actually mentally construed by the target audience (the signified). The postmodern insights of deconstruction, according to Stern (1996b), have assisted to redefine textual meaning as open to continual changes. Proctor et al (2002) argue that many advertisements fail to achieve a sustainable level of effectiveness because the meaning of words and the structure are not easily discernable. Consequently, a good idea and creativity are fundamentally impo rtant for advertisers if they are to design advertisements using words which the target audience can readily identify with, particularly after the realization through research that the text used in advertising is treated as unfixed, unstable, and undefined, ultimately incapable of accounting for its usage because the perceptions of stability, immovability, and duration are too lax and open to every significant investiture (Stern, 1996a). There exists a popular saying that ‘creativity is the mother of all innovations.’ It therefore require a good idea and creative minds to design advertisements that will infer causal relations from temporal and fixed juxtapositions of advertising images, thereby assisting consumers to make the ideas contained in the advertisement meaningful through reference to the consumers’ sense experience (Hackley Kitchen, 1999). This way, the huge quantities of advertisements and other promotional activities exposed to consumers on a daily b asis will cease to be perceived as a source of social pollution because consumers will start to view advertising as meaningful to their own buying behaviours. Indeed, a good idea and creativity may provide the foundation for the development of the ethical facet of advertising management based on a sounder understanding of the possible damaging effects that unregulated marketing communications is bound to have on the intended audience. Hackley (1999) is of the opinion that understanding something of the complexity of human meaning rather than assuming a hierarchical approach to advertising messages might provide useful insights which could be used by advertisers and consumers to inform ethical judgments. Such an understanding, it is believed, can only add value to advertising campaigns by assisting consumers to understand the meaning behind each advertising campaign. Conclusion This evaluation has effectively brought into the limelight the tenets that differentiate successful adverti sing campaigns from unsuccessful ones. The critical role played by a sound idea and creative minds in creating successful marketing campaigns have been well documented. The central role of consumers in developing advertising strategies has also been well established. One particularly important facet that has been emphasized by a number of researchers is the fact that people should not be perceived as passive receivers of advertising information but as fundamental actors in the communication process who have the capacity to co-create value, meaning and relationships with the view to generate an enabling environment in which successful advertising can take place. Overall, the tenets of successful marketing campaign discussed in this paper can be used to develop what Kliatchko (2008) refers to as integrated marketing communications, which is basically â€Å"†¦the concept and process of strategically managing audience-focused, channel-centred, and results-driven brand communicatio n programs over time† (p. 140). Of importance, however, is the finding that a good idea and creative minds are central pillars through which the tenets of successful advertising campaign can flourish. List of References Aitken, R., Gray, B., Lawson, R (2008). Advertising Effectiveness from a Consumer Perspective. International Journal of Advertising, 27 (2), pp. 279-297. Hackley, C (1999). The Meanings of Ethics in and of Advertising. Business Ethics: A European Review, 8 (1), pp. 37-42. Hackley, C.E., Kitchen, P.J (1999). Ethical Perspectives on the Postmodern Communications Leviathan. Journal of Business Ethics, 20 (1), pp. 15-26. Hirschman, E.C., Thompson, C.J (1997). Why Media Matter: Toward a Richer Understanding of Consumers’ Relationships with Advertising and Mass Media. Journal of Advertising, 26 (1), pp. 43-60. Kliatchko, J.G (2008). Revisiting the IMC Construct. International Journal of Advertising, 27 (1), pp. 133-160. Mick, D.G., Buhl, C (1992). A Meanin g-based Model of Advertising Experiences. Journal of Consumer Research, 19 (3), pp. 317-338. Proctor, S., Proctor, T., Papasolomou-Doukakis, I (2002). A Post-Modern Perspective on Advertisements and their Analysis. Journal of Marketing Communications, 8 (1), pp. 31-44. Shankar, A (1999). Advertising’s Imbroglio. Journal of Marketing Communications, 5 (1), pp. 1-15. Soberman, D (2005). The complexity of Media Planning Today. Journal of Brand Management, 12 (6), pp. 420-429. Stern, B.B (1996a). Deconstructive Strategy and Consumer Research: Concepts and Illustrative Exemplar. Journal of Consumer Research, 23 (2), pp. 136-147. Stern, B.B (1996b). Textual Analysis in Advertising Research: Construction and Deconstruction of Meanings. Journal of Advertising, 25 (3), pp. 61-73. Webb, P.H (1979). Consumer Initial Processing in a Difficult Media Environment. Journal of Consumer Research, 6 (3), pp. 225-236. This essay on The Tenets of a Successful Advertising Campaign: Understanding the Role of Good Ideas Creative Minds was written and submitted by user Lilia Ramos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How TNT Pop Its Snappers Work

How TNT Pop Its Snappers Work TNT Pop Its belong to a class of novelty fireworks collectively called bang snaps. Similar products are called snap-its, poppers, and party snaps. Kids have been using them for pranks and celebrations since the 1950s. In case you were wondering, Pop Its dont contain TNT. That is simply their brand name. Pop Its are trick noisemaker rocks, commonly seen around the 4th of July and Chinese New Year, that pop when they are stepped on or thrown against a hard surface. They look like little paper-wrapped rocks, which, in fact, is what they are. The rock is gravel or sand that has been soaked in silver fulminate. The coated grains are twisted into a piece of cigarette paper or tissue paper. When the bang snap is thrown or stepped on, the friction or pressure detonates the silver fulminate. Pop its can also be ignited, although its not particularly safe to set them off in your hand. The tiny explosion makes a sharp snap that sounds a bit like that of a cap gun. Chemistry of Pop Its Silver fulminate (like mercury fulminate, which would be toxic) is explosive. However, the quantity of fulminate in Pop Its is very small (about 0.08 milligrams) so the little exploding rocks are safe. The sand or gravel moderates the shock wave produced by the detonation, so even though the sound is loud, the force of the pressure wave is fairly minor. Snapping one in your hand or stomping it with bare feet can hurt, but is unlikely to break the skin. The sand or gravel isnt propelled very far, so there isnt danger of the particles acting as projectiles. Generally, Pop Its and related products are considered safe for use by children. While poisonous fulminates of other metals would produce a similar effect, they arent used in commercial products. Make Pop Its Yourself Fulminates are easily prepared by reacting metal with concentrated nitric acid. You dont want to go making this in any quantity yourself because the fulminate is shock sensitive and pressure sensitive. However, if you decide to make do-it-yourself Pop Its, the silver fulminate is more stable if flour or starch is added to the crystals during the filtering process. You can coat sand with silver fulminate, wrap it in paper, and use it in the traditional way. Bigger is not better - be safe.